Puppies are born only knowing how to be dogs, so it's normal for them to jump, bark, nip and even bite. But with the right amount of care and attention, you can teach your pet how to behave like a model citizen!

Social skills

It's important to introduce puppies to as many new experiences while they are still young enough to take everything in their stride. Their first big learning period begins at about three weeks, when the eyes and ears first open and they start to explore the big wide world around them.

The next learning period is the socialisation period, starting around three weeks and continuing until 14 to 16 weeks. Confusingly, this is exactly the same time your vet will tell you to keep your puppy away from public places while vaccinations take effect. However, there are ways around this apparent contradiction - if you can't take your puppy into the world, bring the world to your puppy!

• Take your pup out for a short car ride. Not only will this introduce him to driving in a car but it'll give your puppy a chance to see the world - from the comfort of the backseat! It'll also get him used to loud motorbikes, sirens and other regular traffic noise. You can also take your pup into the street (in a very careful and controlled way so he doesn't get scared) but best to stay away from parks and other dogs until he is fully vaccinated.
• Invite people to your home to help your puppy get used to a range of different people. Arm everyone with treats to make them extra friendly! Ask friends to bring around friendly dogs that are up to date with their vaccinations, so your puppy can learn to deal with other animals.
• Puppy parties are also a great way to introduce your new pet to similar aged pups. Ask your vet about puppy parties in your area.
• Socialisation sound tapes are also available and can be a helpful training aid.

It might help to write a check-list of everything your puppy may encounter in life. Cross off each item as your puppy experiences and accepts it. 

Remember - don't do anything as a one off. Repeated exposure is essential.

Once your puppy's vaccinations are completed (10 to 12 weeks), it's time to step things up a gear.

• Walk your puppy on a lead along pavements in quiet streets, slowly building up to busy traffic areas.
• Take your puppy to a shopping centre, sit on a bench and watch the world go by. Passers-by are bound to come up and say hello.
• Take a trip on public transport and spend some time just sitting in a busy station, getting your puppy used to the hustle and bustle.
• Visit dog-friendly shops, pubs and cafes.
• Take your puppy to a beach (first checking the local regulations) and as many other different environments you can think of.

Again, remember to repeat the experiences whenever possible.

Whenever your puppy encounters anything new, act confidently as if there's nothing to worry about. If you're anxious or nervous, your puppy will think something is wrong. An occasional "good dog", a bag of treats, and a calm attitude is all you need. Constant and dramatic reassurance will only serve to increase fear.

• Say your puppy's name over and over during enjoyable experiences, such as when he is eating or when you are petting him.
• Never shout his name if you are angry. Puppies must associate their names with good things.
• Make sure all family members are consistent. For instance, if your puppy's name is Ben, use Ben and not Benjamin, Bennie, or Benji which will all just lead to confusion!

Your puppy needs to learn that it's wrong to bite people. All puppies 'mouth', particularly during teething, but this shouldn't be tolerated. Continuing to mouth into adulthood can cause some serious damage.

Tell your friends and family to make a loud, high-pitched yelp and then turn away from the puppy if it bites or mouths them. This is a much more effective way of getting through than a reprimand or playing more roughly.
This response must be given even if the pup does not hurt you. The pup must then be ignored, to show bad behaviour means the game is over.
This is a similar reaction to that shown by littermates when they get hurt by a pup, so your dog will quickly understand that kind of behaviour is wrong.

It's also a good idea not to play too roughly with your puppy. While this might be fun when your pup is small, adult mouths and teeth can do a lot of damage. Instead direct your puppy's exuberance on to toys.